Which of the following is a method of assessing student understanding?

Assessing student understanding involves actively measuring how well students grasp the material being taught. Quizzes and tests are structured tools that provide educators with direct feedback on student knowledge and comprehension. They can evaluate a range of cognitive skills, from basic recall of facts to higher-level critical thinking. By analyzing students' performance on these assessments, teachers can identify areas of strength and weakness, allowing for targeted instruction and necessary adjustments in teaching strategies to enhance learning outcomes.

Other options, while they may contribute to overall classroom engagement and learning environment, do not serve primarily as direct assessment tools. Observational notes can provide insights into student behaviors and participation, but they are more subjective and qualitative. Group discussions foster collaborative learning and engagement but do not quantify individual understanding in a clear way. Classroom decorations, while beneficial for creating a stimulating learning environment, do not assess understanding at all.